Getting a new puppy is a joyful experience, but it comes with the responsibility of protecting their health. One of the first questions new pet owners ask is, “When do puppies have their first vaccinations?” This guide will walk you through the importance of early immunization, the vaccination schedule, what to expect, and how to make the process smooth for your puppy.
Table of Contents
- Why Vaccinations Matter
- When to Start Puppy Vaccinations
- Core vs. Non-Core Vaccines
- Typical Puppy Vaccination Schedule
- How to Prepare Your Puppy for Shots
- After-Vaccination Care
- Common Side Effects to Watch
- Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Why Vaccinations Matter
Puppy vaccinations protect against life-threatening diseases such as parvovirus, distemper, and rabies. Because puppies have immature immune systems, they rely heavily on vaccines to help build immunity during their early months. Vaccinations are a crucial part of ensuring your puppy grows up healthy and strong.
When to Start Puppy Vaccinations
Puppies usually receive their first vaccinations between 6 to 8 weeks of age. At this point, the maternal antibodies they received from their mother begin to wane, making them vulnerable to diseases. Starting early helps prevent gaps in immunity.
Core vs. Non-Core Vaccines
Veterinarians categorize vaccines into two groups:
Core Vaccines
- Canine Distemper
- Canine Parvovirus
- Canine Adenovirus (Hepatitis)
- Rabies
Non-Core Vaccines
- Leptospirosis
- Bordetella (Kennel Cough)
- Lyme Disease
- Canine Influenza
Non-core vaccines are recommended based on lifestyle, geographic region, and risk of exposure.
Typical Puppy Vaccination Schedule
Here’s a general timeline followed by most veterinarians:
| Age | Vaccinations |
|---|---|
| 6–8 weeks | DHPP (Distemper, Hepatitis, Parainfluenza, Parvovirus) |
| 10–12 weeks | DHPP booster, Bordetella (optional) |
| 14–16 weeks | DHPP final dose, Rabies |
| 12–16 months | Booster for DHPP, Rabies |
How to Prepare Your Puppy for Shots
Preparation helps reduce anxiety for both you and your puppy. Here are some tips:
- Schedule the appointment during a calm time of day.
- Bring your puppy’s medical history and vaccination records.
- Carry treats and toys to comfort them.
- Keep car rides calm and short.
After-Vaccination Care
After your puppy gets vaccinated:
- Allow them to rest for the day.
- Keep an eye on the injection site for swelling.
- Watch for signs of lethargy or loss of appetite.
- Give them plenty of water and cuddles.
Common Side Effects to Watch
Most side effects are mild and resolve quickly. These include:
- Fatigue or sleepiness
- Slight fever
- Swelling at the injection site
- Reduced appetite
Serious reactions like vomiting, hives, or breathing issues require immediate veterinary attention.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
How much do puppy vaccinations cost?
Costs vary by location but typically range from $75 to $200 for the full puppy series.
Can I vaccinate my puppy at home?
While some breeders or rescue groups administer shots, it’s safest to have a licensed veterinarian handle vaccinations.
What happens if I miss a vaccination?
If you miss a dose, contact your vet. Delays can affect immunity, but your vet will adjust the schedule accordingly.
Is the rabies shot legally required?
Yes, rabies vaccination is legally mandated in most states and countries. It also protects humans and animals alike.
Do indoor puppies need all these shots?
Yes. Even indoor puppies can be exposed to viruses through shoes, clothing, or other pets.
Conclusion
Knowing when puppies have their first vaccinations helps you start your puppy on the right paw. Timely shots protect them from serious illnesses and help ensure a lifetime of good health. Be sure to stay in close contact with your vet and keep a record of every vaccine received. A healthy puppy is a happy puppy—and a happy owner too.